2020 INTEGRATED REPORT

Expense investigations are performed annually and valuation expense assumptions are set based on the results of this investigation, taking cognisance of the budgeted expenses per policy for the next financial year. Actual expenses are compared against budgeted expenses on a monthly basis. Due to the mutual nature of the Group, expense savings or expenses losses compared to expected expenses will respectively result in a higher or lower profit allocation to the policyholders. Business volume risk There is a risk that the Group may not cover the costs of acquisition and distribution if insufficient volumes of new business are sold. A mitigating factor is that a substantial portion of these costs are variable costs. Actual sales volumes are compared against budgeted and annual targeted sales on a monthly basis. This enables management to determine whether there are any factors that could impact the delivery of the targeted volumes. Where these are identified, an investigation occurs and the appropriate corrective action is taken. Data and model risk There is a risk that the Group may suffer a loss if the model used to calculate the insurance liabilities does not project the expected cash flows on the contracts accurately. This risk is mitigated by comparing the actual cash flows with the expected cash flows on a product basis at least annually. All new contract designs are also incorporated into the model. Detailed investigations are performed annually to ensure the integrity of the data used in the valuation process. Automated systems have been implemented to flag any anomalous transactions on an ongoing basis. Capital management Long-Term Insurance The Group’s capital management objectives are: ~ To comply with the insurance regulatory capital requirements in the countries in which the Group operates. ~ To safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. ~ To continue to provide acceptable returns for policyholders and members, and benefits for other stakeholders. The Board’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base to protect policyholders’ and creditors’ interests and satisfy regulators whilst still creating value for policyholders. The level of accumulated funds required by the Group is determined by the Insurance Act 18 of 2017 in South Africa and Namibian legislation (Act 5 of 1998) in Namibia, together with the Group’s licence requirements. The minimum capital requirements must be maintained at all times during the year. The table below summarises the minimum accumulated funds requirements across the Group and the actual accumulated funds held. 2020 2019 R'm South Africa Namibia South Africa Namibia Capital held 501 6 470 6 Regulatory capital 191 4 179 4 The Board considers the capital of the Group to be the total of all accumulated funds held as well as the DPF Insurance Liabilities (refer note 12) as the policy holders are also the members of the Group. A detailed Asset Liability Matching (ALM) investigation is conducted regularly to better understand the potential impact on the capital of the Group of different market conditions, such as interest rate fluctuations and volatility in equity prices. The impact of varying operational conditions (such as variations in deaths, withdrawals and profits) on the Group’s capital is also presented to the Board. The results of the ALM investigations may lead to changes in the approved asset class mixes contained in the Investment Policy, in order to address any increases in the risk of volatility identified in the ALM investigation. There have been no material changes in the Group’s management of capital during the period. The Group has maintained its level of regulator capital cover at 2.6 times. This decision has resulted in R30.7 million (2019: R36.0 million) being allocated to accumulated funds. PPS INTEGRATED REPORT 2020 | 201